Information System
Information System (IS) collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose.
An information system includes input(data,instructions) and outputs (reports, calculations). It process the inputs and produces outputs that are sent to the user or to other systems. A feedback mechanism that controls the operation may be included. Information system is an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, and processing data and for providing information, knowledge, and digital products. A combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization.
Data: An elementary description of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded , classified, and stored, but are not organized to convey any specific meaning. For example: Bank balances, grade point average etc.
Information: Data that have been organized to that they have meaning and value to the recipient. Information comes from data that have been processed. For example: Customer names with bank balance, student names with their respective grade etc.
Knowledge: Data and/ or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as apply to a current problem or activity.
Computer Based Information System (CBIS):
A computer-based information system (CBIS) is an information system that uses computer and often telecommunications technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks. An information technology is a particular component of a system, like a personal computer, a printer, or a network. But few information technologies are used alone. Rather, they are most effective combined into information systems. The basic components of information systems are the following:
- Hardware
- Software
- Database
- Network
- Procedure
- People
Capabilities of CBIS
- Provide Fast and Accurate Transaction
- Provide Large Capacity, Fast Access Storage
- Provide Fast Communications
- Reduce Information Overload
- Span Boundaries
- Provide Support for Decision Making
- Provide a Competitive Weapon
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